目录1.英语句子的结构有哪些?2.英语句子结构3.英语句子结构分析?4.英语句子结构分析!!!!!!5.英语句子结构的构成详解是什么?6.英语的句子成分都有哪些?7.英语句子成分英语语法看上去很复杂,很多句型要记,但其实只要深入研究,就会发现其实也不过是围绕这五个基本句子来展开,分别是:S十V主谓结构S十V十p主系表结构S十V十O主谓宾结构S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构说明:S=主语;V=谓语;P=表语;O=宾语;O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语;C=宾语补足语五个基本句式详细解释如下:1.S十V句式在此句式中,V是不及物动词,又叫自动词(vi.)。例如:He runs quickly.他跑得快。They listened carefully.他们听得很仔细。He suffered from cold and hunger.他挨冻受饿。China belongs to the third world country.中国属于第三世界国家。The gas has given out.煤气用完了。My ink has run out.我的钢笔水用完了。2.S十V十P句式在此句式中,V是系动词(link v.),常见的系动词有:look,seem,appear,sound,feel,taste,smell,grow,get,fall ill/asleep,stand/sit still,become,turn等。例如:He is older than he looks.他比看上去要老。He seen interested in the book.他似乎对这本书感兴趣。The story sounds interesting.这个故事听起来有趣。The desk feels hard.书桌摸起来很硬。The cake tastes nice.饼尝起来很香。The flowers smell sweet and nicc.花闻起来香甜。You have grown taller than before.你长得比以前高了。He has suddenly fallen ill.他突然病倒了。He stood quite still.他静静地站看。He becomes a teacher when he grew up.他长大后当了教师。He could never turn traitor to his country.他永远不会背叛他的祖国。注意:有些动词同时也是及物动词,可构成SVO句式,例如:He looked me up and down.他上下打量我。He reached his hand to feel the elephant.他伸出手来摸象。They are tasting the fish.他们在品尝鱼。They grow rice in their home town.他们在家乡种水稻。He‘s got a chair to sit on.他有椅子坐。Please turn the sentence into English.请把这个句于泽成英语。3.S十V十O句式在此句式中,V是及物动词(vt.),因此有宾语。例如:I saw a film yesterday.我昨天看了一部电影。Have you read the story?你读过这个故事吗?They found their home easily.他们很容易找到他们的家。They built a house last year.他们去年建了一所房子。They‘ve put up a factory in the village.他们在村里建了一座工厂。They have taken good care of the children.这些孩子他们照看得很好。You should look after your children well.你应该好好照看你的孩子。4.S十V十O1十O2句式在此句式中,V是带有双宾语的及物动词。常见的须带双宾语的动词有give,ask,bring,offer,send,pay,lend,show,tell,buy,get;rob,warn等。例如:He gave me a book/a book to me.他给我一本书。He brought me a pen/a pen to me.他带给我一枝钢笔。He offered me his seat/his seat to me.他把座位让给我。注意下边动词改写后介词的变化:Mother bought me a book/a book for me.妈妈给我买了一本书。He got me a chair/a chair for me.他给我弄了一把椅子。Please do me a favor/a favor for me.请帮我一下。He asked me a question/a question of me.他问我个问题。注意,下边动词只有一种说法:They robbed the old man of his money.他们抢了老人的钱。He‘s warned me of the danger.他警告我注意危险。The doctor has cured him of his disease.医生治好了他的病。We must rid the house of th erats.我们必须赶走屋里的老鼠。They deprived him of his right to speak.他们剥夺了他说话的权利。5.S十V十O十C句式在此句式中,V是有宾语补足语的及物动词。常带宾语补足语的词有形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词。常见的可接宾语补足语的动词很多,哪些动词可接哪几种形式作宾补,须根据动词的惯用法而定,不能统而概论。请看下面的例子。They made the girl angry.他们使这个女孩生气了。They found her happy that day.他们发现那天她很高兴。I found him out.我发现他出去了。I saw him in.我见他在家。They saw a foot mark in the sand.他们发现沙地上有脚印。They named the boy Charlie.他们给这个男孩起名为查理。I saw him come in and go out.我见他进来又出去。They felt the car moving fast.他们感到汽车行驶得很快。I heard the glass broken just now.我刚才听到玻璃碎了。He found the doctor of study closed to him.他发现研究所的大门对他关闭了。英语句子是由词和短语构成,可以分为主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语、表语和同位语等不同的成分。1、主语主语就是由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词、短语和句子来充当的,当不定式、动名词、从句等作主语的时候,作为形式主语,而把真正的主语放在句子末尾。2、谓语谓语是用来陈述或说明主语的动作或状态,通常放在主语的后面,谓语还可以分为简单谓语和复合谓语。所谓的简单谓语就是有一个动词或者是动词词组构成;指的是由情态动词,助动词加不带to的动词不定式或者是由系动词加上表语构成的。3、宾语宾语一般是由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词和句子等来充当的,宾语又可以分为三种形式,也就是单宾语、双宾语和复合宾语。不定式、动名词、从句等作宾语而且后面跟着宾语的补足语时,我们通常用it作为形式宾语,而且把真正的宾语放在后面,He didn’t make it clear when and where the meeting would be held.这个句子里的it作形式宾语,真正的宾语是when and where引导的从句。通常是由名词、形容词、代词、数词、介词短语、非谓语动词、从句等来充当,用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征。作定语的词,作为前置定语;短语或者从句作定语的时候,作为后置定语。5、状语状语一般是由副词、介词短语、非谓语动词或者从句来充当。英语中的五种基本句型结构:Subject (主语)+Verb (谓语)这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词,所谓不及物动词,常见的动词如:work,sing,swim,fish,jump,arrive,come,die,disappear,happen等。Subject (主语)+Link. V(系动词)+Predicate(表语)这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。其系动词一般可分为下列两类:(1)表示状态。look,smell,taste,sound,1) This kind of food tastes delicious.这种食物吃起来很可口。(2)表示变化。这类系动词有:turn,grow,2) The tree has grown much taller than before.这棵树比以前长得高多了。Subject(主语)+Verb (谓语)+Object (宾语这种句型中的动词一般为及物动词,所谓及物动词,就是这种动词后可以直接接宾语,其宾语通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。1) He took his bag and left.(名词)他拿着书包离开了。英语中的许多动词既是及物动词,又是不及物动词。Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+Indirect object(间接宾语)+Direct object (直接宾语)这种句型中,直接宾语为主要宾语,表示动作是对谁做的或为谁做的,常常由表示“的名词来充当;间接宾语也被称之为第二宾语,对整个句子的影响不大,的名词或代词承担。引导这类双宾语的常见动词有:pass,tell,teach,bring,send等。2)The old man always tells the children stories about the heroes in the Long March.老人经常给孩子们讲述长征途中那些英雄的故事。上述句子还可以表达为:Subject(主语)+Verb (动词)+Object (宾语)+Complement(补语)这种句型中的“宾语+补语”复合宾语”宾语补足语的主要作用或者是补充、说明宾语的特点、身份等。或者表示让宾语去完成的动作等;担任补语的常常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等。1)You should keep the room clean and tidy.你应该让屋子保持干净整洁:(形容词)2) We made him our monitor.(名词)我们选他当班长。4)My father likes to watch the boys playing basketball.(现在分词)5) Yesterday I had a picture taken with two Americans.(过去分词)●常见的动词有:tell,ask,advise,help,want,force,allow等。make,let,hear,notice,feel,watch等后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时。主语(subject) 是一个句子的主题( theme),是句子所述说的主体.它的位置一般在一句之首.可用作主语的有单词、短语、从句乃至句子。谓语谓语(predicate) 或谓语动词(predicate verb) 的位置一般在主语之后.谓语由简单动词或动词短语(助动词或情态动词+主要动词)构成。它也可以说是一种主语补语。联系动词只是形式上的谓语,名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语、从句等。宾语宾语(object)在句中主要充当动作的承受者,补语补语(complement)是一种补足主语和宾语的意义的句子成分。补足主语意义的句子成分叫做主语补语(subject complement),补足宾语意义的句子成分叫做宾语补语(object complement)。有八大句子成分,主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、补语、同位语、状语。主语:动词的发出对象谓语:动词宾语:动词的承受对象表语:说明主语的品质、性质、身份、特征和状态,通常在系动词(be/become/feel/sound/turn...)后面定语:用来修饰、描述主语或宾语,形容词通常做定语补语:用来补充说明主语或宾语同位语:以一个名词来解释说明另外一个名词或代词,状语。表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、方式、程度等:副词通常做状语,My—定语sister—主语Susan—同位语sings—谓语very well—状语2、She is Chinese.她是中国人。 复制全文下载全文